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The right to free movement of persons between EEA member states and the relevant provisions on safeguard measures are identical to those applying between members of the EU. [4] [7] The right and rules applicable in all EEA member states, including those which are not members of the EU, are specified in Directive 2004/38/EC [7] and in the EEA ...
2 Andorra, Monaco, San Marino and Vatican City are not members of Schengen, but act as such via their open borders with Spain, France and Italy, respectively. 3 Switzerland is not an official member of EEA but has bilateral agreements largely with the same content, making it virtually a member.
EEA: The European Economic Area, which contains the European Union countries, plus Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein; EAEU: Eurasian Economic Union, an economic union of Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan and observer members Moldova, Uzbekistan and Cuba.
The actual process of integrating Poland into the EU began with Poland's application for membership in Athens on 8 April 1994, and then the confirmation of the application by all member states in Essen from 9–10 December 1994. Poland's integration into the European Union is a dynamic and continuously ongoing process.
The members of the European Parliament have been elected by universal suffrage since 1979 (before that, they were seconded from national parliaments). [32] [33] The national governments appoint one member each to the European Commission, the European Court of Justice and the European Court of Auditors. Prospective Commissioners must be ...
Lists of member states of the European Union provide different types of information about each of the states in the European Union. They include lists about politics, demographics and economics. They include lists about politics, demographics and economics.
Poland had been negotiating with the EU since 1989. With the fall of communism in 1989/1990 in Poland, Poland embarked on a series of reforms and changes in foreign policy, intending to join the EU and NATO. On 19 September 1989 Poland signed the agreement for trade and trade co-operation with the (then) European Community (EC).
There are three types of government systems in European politics: in a presidential system, the president is the head of state and the head of government; in a semi-presidential system, the president and the prime minister share a number of competences; finally, in a parliamentary republic, the president is a ceremonial figurehead who has few political competences.