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A characteristic feature of the Makassar languages is the occurrence of echo vowels with stems ending in final /r/, /l/ or /s/.E.g. /botol/ 'bottle' is realized as bótolo in Selayar and Coastal Konjo, and as bótoloʔ in Makassarese and Highland Konjo (the latter regularly adds a glottal stop to the echo vowel).
Makassarese is also considered important as a marker of ethnic identity. However, in urban communities, code-switching or code-mixing between Makassar and Indonesian is common. Some urban Makassar residents, especially those from the middle class or with multiethnic backgrounds, also use Indonesian as the primary language in their households. [17]
The Makasar script, also known as Ukiri' Jangang-jangang (bird's script) or Old Makasar script, is a historical Indonesian writing system that was used in South Sulawesi to write the Makassarese language between the 17th and 19th centuries until it was supplanted by the Lontara Bugis script.
The Makassar language was once written in a distinct script, the Makassar script, before it was gradually replaced by Lontara due to Bugis influence and eventually Latin in modern Indonesia. Lontara and Old Makassar script are closely related with almost identical orthography despite the graphic dissimilarities.
The Makassarese (Suku Makassar) are the second largest ethnic group in South Sulawesi. Their language is Makassar. Makassar people inhabit the southern part of the southern peninsula of South Sulawesi including the Jeneponto, Takalar, Bulukumba, Bantaeng, Gowa and Maros Regencies, Pangkajene and Islands, and Makassar city.
The Makassar people are amongst the first native people who are endowed with the harvesting and processing knowledge of holothuroidea (sea cucumber, natively found between the Wallace and Weber line), and was spread to another regions beyond its native homeland throughout the Indonesian Archipelago to the Oceania (and some another regions of ...
In Makassar language, the word Mamminasata means "expression of ideals, feelings, or hopes that are coveted for all of us". The national government regards the Makassar Metropolitan Area as including Makassar, Maros Regency, Gowa Regency, Takalar Regency, and Pangkajene Islands Regency. Pankajene Island is now included in the Metropolitan Area.
Makassar Malay is a creole-based mixed language, which is built of Bazaar Malay lexicon, Makassarese inflections, and mixed Malay/Makassarese syntax. [ 22 ] [ 23 ] It is now widely spoken as the first language in Makassar City and its surrounding areas, especially those who were born after 1980's.