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A staircase or stairway is one or more flights of stairs leading from one floor to another, and includes landings, newel posts, handrails, balustrades, and additional parts. [4] In buildings, stairs is a term applied to a complete flight of steps between two floors. A stair flight is a run of stairs or steps
Common materials used in its construction are wood, stone, and less frequently metal and ceramic. A group of balusters supporting a handrail, coping, or ornamental detail is known as a balustrade. [1] [2] The term baluster shaft is used to describe forms such as a candlestick, upright furniture support, and the stem of a brass chandelier.
Handrails shall be at a consistent height above walking surfaces, stair nosing, and ramp surfaces. When children are the principal users in a building or facility (e.g., elementary schools), a second set of handrails at an appropriate height can assist them and aid in preventing accidents.
It can also refer to an upright post that supports and/or terminates the handrail of a stair banister (the "newel post"). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] In stairs having straight flights it is the principal post at the foot of the staircase, but the term can also be used for the intermediate posts on landings and at the top of a staircase.
A stair tread is the horizontal portion of a set of stairs on which a person walks. The tread can be composed of wood, metal, plastic, or other materials. In residential settings, treads can be covered in carpeting. Stair treads can come in non-slip varieties, particularly in commercial or industrial locations. [1]
The balustrade is composed of handrails, balustrade panels, and skirt panels. [28] The handrail provides a handhold for passengers while they are riding the escalator. The handrail is pulled along its own track by a chain that is connected to the main drive gear by a series of pulleys, keeping it at the same speed as the steps.