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Melanoma is the most dangerous type of skin cancer; it develops from the melanin-producing cells known as melanocytes. [1] It typically occurs in the skin, but may rarely occur in the mouth, intestines, or eye (uveal melanoma). [1] [2] In women, melanomas most commonly occur on the legs; while in men, on the back. [2]
Most melanoma consist of various colours from shades of brown to black. A small number of melanoma are pink, red or fleshy in colour; these are called amelanotic melanoma and tend to be more aggressive. Warning signs of malignant melanoma include change in the size, shape, color or elevation of a mole.
Dysplastic nevus syndrome (B-K mole syndrome, familial atypical multiple mole–melanoma syndrome, familial melanoma syndrome) Ephelis (freckle) Epithelioid blue nevus; Generalized lentiginosis; Giant pigmented nevus (bathing trunk nevus, congenital nevomelanocytic nevus, garment nevus, giant hairy nevus, nevus pigmentosus et pilosus)
Causes of melanoma. Ultraviolet light exposure from the sun or from tanning beds causes most melanomas. Melanoma may appear at a spot where you have an existing mole. But if an unusual spot shows ...
Amelanotic melanoma is a type of skin cancer in which the cells do not make any melanin. [1]: 696 [2] They can be pink, red, purple or of normal skin color, and are therefore difficult to diagnose correctly. They can occur anywhere on the body, just as a typical melanoma can.
The CDKN2A gene is located on chromosome 9p21.3. Two main transcripts, isoforms '1' and '4', each contain three exons and span 7288 and 26740 bp, respectively. They encode proteins of 156 and 173 amino acids; isoform '1' encodes p16(INK4a), while isoform '4' encodes p14(ARF), a protein that is structurally unrelated to p16(INK4) but acts in cell cycle G1 control by stabilizing the tumor ...
Superficial spreading melanoma (SSM) is a type of skin cancer that typically starts as an irregularly edged dark spot typically on sun-exposed part of the body. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The colour may be variable with dark, light and reddish shades; occasionally no color at all. [ 2 ]
Melanoma is a group of serious skin cancers that arise from pigment cells (melanocytes); acral lentiginous melanoma is a kind of lentiginous [8] skin melanoma. [6] ALM makes up less than 5% of all melanomas, but is considered the most common subtype in people with darker skin and is rare in people with lighter skin types. [ 9 ]