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Many languages allow generic copying by one or either strategy, defining either one copy operation or separate shallow copy and deep copy operations. [1] Note that even shallower is to use a reference to the existing object A, in which case there is no new object, only a new reference. The terminology of shallow copy and deep copy dates to ...
The Java Module System implemented in Java 9 includes the following JEPs and JSR (Java Specification Request): [2] JEP 200: The Modular JDK: Define a modular structure for the JDK; JEP 201: Modular Source Code: Reorganize the JDK source code into modules, enhance the build system to compile modules, and enforce module boundaries at build time
Java is a high-level, class-based, object-oriented programming language that is designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. It is a general-purpose programming language intended to let programmers write once, run anywhere (), [16] meaning that compiled Java code can run on all platforms that support Java without the need to recompile. [17]
The term assembly (as in .NET languages like C#, F# or Visual Basic .NET) or package (as in Dart, Go or Java) is sometimes used instead of module.In other implementations, these are distinct concepts; in Python a package is a collection of modules, while in Java 9 the introduction of the new module concept (a collection of packages with enhanced access control) was implemented.
You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work; to remix – to adapt the work; Under the following conditions: attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.
A module must have an initializer function that is equivalent to, or complementary to an object constructor method. This feature is not supported by regular namespaces. A module must have a finalizer function that is equivalent to, or complementary to an object destructor method. This feature is not supported by regular namespaces.
For example, if one has a List reference in Java, one cannot invoke clone() on that reference because List specifies no public clone() method. Actual implementations of List like ArrayList and LinkedList all generally have clone() methods themselves, but it is inconvenient and bad abstraction to carry around the actual class type of an object.
Modula-3 is a programming language conceived as a successor to an upgraded version of Modula-2 known as Modula-2+.It has been influential in research circles (influencing the designs of languages such as Java, C#, Python [8] and Nim), but it has not been adopted widely in industry.