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Potato plants are herbaceous perennials that grow up to 1 metre (3.3 ft) high. The stems are hairy. The leaves have roughly four pairs of leaflets. The flowers range from white or pink to blue or purple; they are yellow at the centre, and are insect-pollinated. [6] The plant develops tubers to store nutrients.
People feared that it was poisonous like other plants the potato was often grown with in herb gardens, and distrusted a plant, nicknamed "the devil's apples", that grew underground. [25] In France and Germany, government officials and noble landowners promoted the rapid conversion of fallow land into potato fields after 1750.
The development of the potato industry and the consumption of potatoes as a staple food is an important step in China’s agricultural development". [6] Since 2015 government policy promotes the use of the potato as a staple food, [7] using potato flour as a substitute for wheat flower and promoting the use of potato in traditional dishes. [3]
Food historian Lois Ellen Frank calls potatoes, tomatoes, corn, beans, squash, chili, cacao, and vanilla the "magic eight" ingredients that were found and used only in the Americas before 1492 and were taken via the Columbian Exchange back to the Old World, dramatically transforming the cuisine there. [17] [18] [19] According to Frank, [20]
An edible seed [n 1] is a seed that is suitable for human or animal consumption. Of the six major plant parts, [ n 2 ] seeds are the dominant source of human calories and protein . [ 1 ] A wide variety of plant species provide edible seeds; most are angiosperms , while a few are gymnosperms .
The pomato (a portmanteau of potato and tomato), also known as a tomtato, is a grafted plant that is produced by grafting together tomato plant and a potato plant, both of which are members of the Solanum genus in the Solanaceae (nightshade) family. Cherry tomatoes grow on the vine, while white potatoes grow in the soil from the same plant. [1]