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Learn about the official and minority languages of North Macedonia, including Macedonian, Albanian, Turkish, Romani, Serbian, Bosnian, and Aromanian. Find out the history, statistics, and policy of language use in the country.
Learn about the history, classification, geographical distribution, dialects, phonology, grammar, writing system and political views of Macedonian, an Eastern South Slavic language spoken by 1.6 million people. Macedonian is the official language of North Macedonia and a recognized minority language in several other countries.
The Macedonian language developed during the Middle Ages from the Old Church Slavonic, the common language spoken by Slavic people. [further explanation needed] In 1903 Krste Petkov Misirkov was the first to argue for the codification of a standard literary Macedonian language in his book Za makedonckite raboti (On Macedonian Matters).
Macedonian is the native language of 70% of all inhabitants of the country. [4] In addition to the Macedonian population, ethnic Albanians, Serbians, Romani, Turkish and Aromanians speak the language to various degrees as secondary speakers. [5] [6] [7] American linguist Victor Friedman estimated there were 3.5 million speakers in 2001. [6]
The dialects of Macedonian comprise the Slavic dialects spoken in the Republic of North Macedonia as well as some varieties spoken in the wider geographic region of Macedonia. They are part of the dialect continuum of South Slavic languages that joins Macedonian with Bulgarian to the east and Torlakian to the north into the group of the Eastern ...
Standard Macedonian or literary Macedonian (Macedonian: книжевен македонски јазик or македонски литературен јазик) is the standard variety of the Macedonian language and the official language of North Macedonia used in writing, in formal contexts, and for communication between different dialect ...