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Viral meningitis, also known as aseptic meningitis, is a type of meningitis due to a viral infection. It results in inflammation of the meninges (the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord). Symptoms commonly include headache, fever, sensitivity to light and neck stiffness. [1] Viruses are the most common cause of aseptic meningitis.
Meningococcal vaccine refers to any vaccine used to prevent infection by Neisseria meningitidis. [9] Different versions are effective against some or all of the following types of meningococcus: A, B, C, W-135, and Y. [9] [10] The vaccines are between 85 and 100% effective for at least two years. [9]
In adults, Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae together cause 80% of bacterial meningitis cases. Risk of infection with Listeria monocytogenes is increased in people over 50 years old. [3] [8] The introduction of pneumococcal vaccine has lowered rates of pneumococcal meningitis in both children and adults. [28]
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Treatment for enteroviral infection is mainly supportive. In cases of pleurodynia, treatment consists of analgesics to relieve the severe pain that occurs in patients with the disease; in some severe cases, opiates may be needed. Treatment for aseptic meningitis caused by enteroviruses is also mainly symptomatic.
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infection caused by a group of enteroviruses. [10] It typically begins with a fever and feeling generally unwell. [10] This is followed a day or two later by flat discolored spots or bumps that may blister, on the hands, feet and mouth and occasionally buttocks and groin.
Meningococcal meningitis is a form of bacterial meningitis. Meningitis is a disease caused by inflammation and irritation of the meninges, the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. In meningococcal meningitis this is caused by the bacteria invading the cerebrospinal fluid and circulating through the central nervous system. Sub ...
Enterovirus 71 (EV71), also known as Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), is a virus of the genus Enterovirus in the Picornaviridae family, [1] notable for its role in causing epidemics of severe neurological disease and hand, foot, and mouth disease in children. [2] It was first isolated and characterized from cases of neurological disease in California ...
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