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The distinction between the meaning of the terms citizenship and nationality is not always clear in the English language and differs by country. Generally, nationality refers a person's legal belonging to a nation state and is the common term used in international treaties when referring to members of a state; citizenship refers to the set of rights and duties a person has in that nation.
Naturalization (or naturalisation) is the legal act or process by which a non-national of a country acquires the nationality of that country after birth. [1] The definition of naturalization by the International Organization for Migration of the United Nations excludes citizenship that is automatically acquired (e.g. at birth) or is acquired by declaration.
Citizenship and nationality have essential imbued rights that define them, and some commentators argue that having second-class citizenship may amount to statelessness. [3] Case is point is Nazi Germany's Reich Citizenship Law of 1935 that created a second-class citizenship status, which was used for anyone excluded from the "Reich Citizenship."
Holders of the Card are not regarded as citizens, but enjoy some privileges other foreigners do not, e.g. entry visa, right to work, education, or healthcare in Poland. As stated above, Poland currently has no specific laws on dual citizenship; second citizenship is tolerated, but not recognized.
Denaturalization is the loss of citizenship against the will of the person concerned. Denaturalization is often applied to ethnic minorities and political dissidents. Denaturalization can be a penalty for actions considered criminal by the state, often only for errors in the naturalization process such a
Qualified foreigners could naturalise after a five-year residency [68] and persons who were British subjects by virtue of Commonwealth Citizenship or Irish citizenship could register after a two-year residency in Southern Rhodesia, unless they were naturalised citizens, in which case a three-year residency was required. [69]
Another concern about the Minister's decision to place UNISA under administration has brought up possible impacts to students of the University. However, the Department of Higher Education, Science and Innovation has assured University of South Africa (UNISA) students they will not be affected when the institution is placed under administration ...
Regular naturalisation in Solomon Islands is acquired by submitting an application to the commission responsible for the administration of immigration. [8] Applicants must provide evidence that they are of good character; have familiarity with Solomon Islander civics, language and customs; intend to live in the Solomon Islands, and have resided within the territory for a cumulative period of ...