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Moraxella is a genus of gram-negative bacteria in the family Moraxellaceae. It is named after the Swiss ophthalmologist Victor Morax . The organisms are short rods , coccobacilli , or as in the case of Moraxella catarrhalis , diplococci in morphology, with asaccharolytic, oxidase -positive, and catalase -positive properties. [ 2 ]
Moraxella catarrhalis is a fastidious, nonmotile, Gram-negative, aerobic, oxidase-positive diplococcus that can cause infections of the respiratory system, middle ear, eye, central nervous system, and joints of humans.
Moraxella lacunata is a rod-shaped, [1] Gram-negative, nonmotile bacterium, generally present as diploid pairs. [2] It causes one of the commonest forms of catarrhal conjunctivitis . [ 3 ]
Moraxella osloensis is a Gram-negative oxidase-positive, aerobic bacterium within the family Moraxellaceae in the gamma subdivision of the purple bacteria. [ 1 ] Moraxella osloensis is a mutualistic symbiont of the slug-parasitic nematode Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita . [ 1 ]
Moraxella bovis is a Gram-negative, aerobic, oxidase-positive rod-shaped bacterium. It is the cause of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis , a contagious ocular disease of cattle , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] referred to colloquially as pinkeye or New Forest eye. [ 3 ]
Moraxella catarrhalis and Acinetobacter baumannii are human pathogens, and Moraxella bovis is the cause of "pinkeye" of cattle (infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis). [ 1 ] References
Moraxella lincolnii is a Gram-negative bacterium in the genus Moraxella, which was isolated from the human respiratory tract. [2] [3] References
Moraxella bovoculi is a Gram-negative bacterium in the genus Moraxella, which was isolated from the eyes of calves in Browns Valley, California. [3] [4] M. bovoculi can cause infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis. [3] [5]