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Uchen script is a written Tibetan script that uses alphabetic characters to physically record the spoken languages of Tibet and Bhutan. Uchen script emerged in between the seventh and early eighth century, alongside the formation and development of the Tibetan Empire.
The Tibetan script is a segmental writing system, or abugida, forming a part of the Brahmic scripts, and used to write certain Tibetic languages, including Tibetan, Dzongkha, Sikkimese, Ladakhi, Jirel and Balti. It was originally developed in c. 620 by Tibetan minister Thonmi Sambhota for King Songtsen Gampo. [5] [6]
A variety of different styles of calligraphy exist in Tibet: The Uchen (དབུ་ཅན།, "headed"; also transliterated as uchan or dbu-can) style of the Tibetan script is marked by heavy horizontal lines and tapering vertical lines, and is the most common script for writing in the Tibetan language, and also appears in printed form because of its exceptional clarity.
The language differs from Standard Tibetan; many sounds of Old Tibetan that were lost in Standard Tibetan are retained in the Balti language. It also has a simple pitch accent system only in multi-syllabic words [3] while Standard Tibetan has a complex and distinct pitch system that includes tone contour.
The Ladakhi language (Tibetan: ལ་དྭགས་སྐད་, Wylie: La-dwags skad) is also referred to as Bhoti or Bodhi.[2] [3] Supporters of the Bhoti name hold a "lumper" view of the language: they use the term "Bhoti" to refer to Classical Tibetan and treat as the one, proper form of Tibetic languages across the Himalayas. [4]
Wylie transliteration is a method for transliterating Tibetan script using only the letters available on a typical English-language typewriter.The system is named for the American scholar Turrell V. Wylie, who created the system and published it in a 1959 Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies article. [1]
A chart of the Tibetan script written in Ucen style. The script is used to write the Tibetan language as well as the Dzongkha language, Denzongkha, Ladakhi language and sometimes the Balti language. Date: 3 November 2010, 01:59 (UTC) Source: Tibetan-script.png; Author: Tibetan-script.png: Smbdh; derivative work: Babbage (talk)
Tibetan consonants in Ume script; note those with vertical tseg marks. Umê (Tibetan: དབུ་མེད་, Wylie: dbu-med, IPA:; variant spellings include ume, u-me) is a semi-formal script used to write the Tibetan alphabet used for both calligraphy and shorthand. [1]