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There are no channel covers on the fuel channels of the reactor; the control rod drives are below the colored covers. RBMK reactor with fuel channel covers. The top of the reactor is covered by the upper biological shield (UBS), also called "Schema E", or, after the explosion (of Chernobyl Reactor 4), Elena.
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In recent decades, construction was started on reactor projects all across the country using the newer VVER class of reactors. In some cases, complications with supply, export security and a variety of other factors have led to the suspension of construction or even permanent cancellation of these projects entirely.
English: RBMK-Core of Chernobyl-4: Positions of control rods (insertion depth in centimeters) approximately 1min30s before the explosion on Saturday, 26. April 1986, last signal of SKALA control system at 1:22:30 h. green: (167) control rods blue: (12) neutron detectors yellow: (32) shortened absorber rods inserted from below the reactor core
The RBMK is notable for its circular reactor lid where the control rod drive mechanisms reside and where loading and unloading of fuel occurs by means of a massive crane-mounted machine. In essence, the hall is a heavy-walled hot cell designed to shield potentially high radiation levels while fuel operations are underway.
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The plant has four nuclear reactors of the RBMK-1000 type, all of which are first generation units similar to that of Kursk and Chernobyl units 1 and 2. Each unit has a separate reactor building but the turbine hall is shared between 2 reactors. [2] In 2008, construction started on Leningrad II with 2 VVER-1200 type reactors. They will ...