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A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, DPhil; Latin: philosophiae doctor or doctor in philosophia) [1] is a terminal degree that usually denotes the highest level of academic achievement in a given discipline and is awarded following a course of graduate study and original research.
The first research doctorate was the doctor of philosophy, which came to the U.S. from Germany, and is frequently referred to by its initials of Ph.D. As academia evolved in the country a wide variety of other types of doctoral degrees and programs were developed.
A professional doctoral degree for veterinarians. VMD stands for the Latin "Veterinariae Medicinae Doctoris" and is exclusively conferred by the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine. VMD Diplomate of the American Board of Veterinary Practitioners DABVP
In academic contexts, it is common to give an abbreviation of name of the school awarding the degree after the letters for the degree itself. The way school names are abbreviated can vary. For example, a PhD from Memorial University of Newfoundland can be found written as PhD (MUN) or PhD (Memorial). When a person has multiple degrees from the ...
The PhD was adopted in the UK following a joint decision in 1917 by British universities, although it took much longer for it to become established. Oxford became the first university to institute the new degree, although naming it the DPhil. [134] The PhD was often distinguished from the earlier higher doctorates by distinctive academic dress.
The dr. title is always placed in front of the ir. title. In the case of a PhD in law, the original mr. title is placed before the dr. title (mr. dr., see e.g. Jan Peter Balkenende). For a person having a law master's degree, but holding a PhD in another field than law the mr. title is placed after the dr. title (dr. mr.).
MD-PhD programs receive funding from various sources, including institutional grants, individual fellowships, and support from the National Institutes of Health . NIH funding, including Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP) grants, has played a crucial role in standardizing training approaches and ensuring program quality.
PhD Doctor of Veterinary Medicine: DVM Doctor of Psychology: DPsych Doctor of Business Administration: DBA Professional Doctorate of "Speciality/Faculty" D"speciality" or "Specialty"D e.g. EdD, DEng Higher Doctorate of "Speciality/Faculty" D"speciality" or "Specialty"D e.g. DEng, DSc Fellowship in Music, Australia [5] FMusA Licentiate in Music ...