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The best treatment for condylar fractures is controversial. [27] There are two main options, namely closed reduction or open reduction and fixation. Closed reduction may involve intermaxillary fixation, where the jaws are splinted together in the correct position for a period of weeks.
The condyloid process or condylar process is the process on the human and other mammalian species' mandibles that ends in a condyle, the mandibular condyle.It is thicker than the coronoid process of the mandible and consists of two portions: the condyle and the constricted portion which supports it, the neck.
The disc is composed of dense fibrocartilagenous tissue that is positioned between the head of the mandibular condyle and the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone. The temporomandibular joints are one of the few synovial joints in the human body with an articular disc, another being the sternoclavicular joint. The disc divides each joint into ...
Each TMJ is classed as a "ginglymoarthrodial" joint since it is both a ginglymus (hinging joint) and an arthrodial (sliding) joint, [42] and involves the condylar process of the mandible below, and the articular fossa (or glenoid fossa) of the temporal bone above. Between these articular surfaces is the articular disc (or meniscus), which is a ...
Condylar resorption, also called idiopathic condylar resorption, ICR, and condylysis, is a temporomandibular joint disorder in which one or both of the mandibular condyles are broken down in a bone resorption process. This disorder is nine times more likely to be present in females than males, and is more common among teenagers.
This can result in a fracture of the glenoid fossa and displacement of the condyle into the middle cranial fossa, potentially injuring the facial and vestibulocochlear nerves and the temporal lobe. Lateral dislocations move the mandibular condyle away from the skull and are likely to happen together with jaw fractures. [8] [9]
Most fractures here are caused by strokes (contusion or penetrating injuries). [2] Conservative management of minor fractures can lead to trismus (lockjaw) that can later only be corrected by removing the coronoid process. [1] For serious fractures, a surgery involving open reduction and internal fixation can have good outcomes. [1]
9.2% of the patients who underwent the mandibular setback surgery has found post-surgery relapse. [43] This is caused by actions of the condyle resorption. [44] Condyle resorption is when the bone tissue is lost in the condyle. Condyle resorption reduces stability of the mandible and cause long term skeletal relapse.