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The virus causes measles, a highly contagious disease transmitted by respiratory aerosols that triggers a temporary but severe immunosuppression.Symptoms include fever, cough, runny nose, inflamed eyes and a generalized, maculopapular, erythematous rash and a pathognomonic Koplik spot seen on buccal mucosa opposite to lower 1st and 2nd molars.
An electron micrograph of the measles virus. Measles is caused by the measles virus, a single-stranded, negative-sense, enveloped RNA virus of the genus Morbillivirus within the family Paramyxoviridae. [51] The virus is highly contagious and is spread by coughing and sneezing via close personal contact or direct contact with secretions. [52 ...
Viral pathogenesis is the study of the process and mechanisms by which viruses cause diseases in their target hosts, often at the cellular or molecular level. It is a specialized field of study in virology. [1] Pathogenesis is a qualitative description of the process by which an initial infection causes disease. [2]
SSPE is a rare condition, although there is still relatively high incidence in Asia and the Middle East. However, the number of reported cases is declining since the introduction of the measles vaccine. Eradication of the measles virus prevents the SSPE mutation and therefore the progression of the disease, or even the initial infection itself.
A number of important human diseases are caused by paramyxoviruses. These include mumps, as well as measles, which caused around 136,200 deaths in 2022. [11] The human parainfluenza viruses (HPIV) are the second most common causes of respiratory tract disease in infants and children. There are four types of HPIVs, known as HPIV-1, HPIV-2, HPIV ...
After that it’s ready to be translated into viral proteins, wrapped in the cell’s lipid envelope, and sent out of the cell as a newly made virus. [10] Within days, the measles virus spreads through local tissue and is picked up by dendritic cells and alveolar macrophages, and carried from that local tissue in the lungs to the local lymph nodes.
Koplik's spots are named after Henry Koplik (1858–1927), an American pediatrician who published a short description of them in 1896, emphasising their appearance before the skin rash and their value in the differential diagnosis of diseases with which measles might be mistaken.
Measles virus, another negative-stranded RNA virus, was another research focus. [5] [6] Measles is usually an acute infection but rarely viral persistence in the nervous system can eventually lead to subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Oldstone postulated that changes in viral products induced by the antibody response, termed "antibody-induced ...