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  2. Optimism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimism

    An optimist and a pessimist, Vladimir Makovsky, 1893. Researchers operationalize the term "optimism" differently depending on their research. As with any trait characteristic, there are several ways to evaluate optimism, such as the Life Orientation Test (LOT), an eight-item scale developed in 1985 by Michael Scheier and Charles Carver.

  3. Learned optimism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learned_optimism

    Pervasiveness: Optimistic people compartmentalize helplessness, whereas pessimistic people assume that failure in one area of life means failure in life as a whole. Optimistic people also allow good events to brighten every area of their lives rather than just the particular area in which the event occurred.

  4. Optimism bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimism_bias

    Optimism bias is typically measured through two determinants of risk: absolute risk, where individuals are asked to estimate their likelihood of experiencing a negative event compared to their actual chance of experiencing a negative event (comparison against self), and comparative risk, where individuals are asked to estimate the likelihood of experiencing a negative event (their personal ...

  5. 20 iconic slang words from Black Twitter that shaped pop culture

    www.aol.com/20-iconic-slang-words-black...

    Brazy "Brazy" is another word for "crazy," replacing the "c" with a "b." It can also be used to describe someone with great skill or who has accomplished something seemingly impossible.

  6. Explanatory style - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explanatory_style

    Conversely, people who generally tend to blame outside forces for negative events, believe that such events will end soon, and do not let such events affect too many aspects of their lives display what is called an optimistic explanatory style.

  7. Synonym - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synonym

    A synonym is a word, morpheme, or phrase that means precisely or nearly the same as another word, morpheme, or phrase in a given language. [2] For example, in the English language, the words begin, start, commence, and initiate are all synonyms of one another: they are synonymous. The standard test for synonymy is substitution: one form can be ...

  8. Wishful thinking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wishful_thinking

    For example, people will perceive desired objects as closer. [5] Wishful seeing also affects athletes' perception of balls and other equipment. [33] For example, softball players who see the ball as bigger, hit better; tennis players who return better, see the net as lower and the ball as moving slower. [33]

  9. Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/...

    Peacock example: Bob Dylan is the defining figure of the 1960s counterculture and a brilliant songwriter. Just the facts: Dylan was included in Time ' s 100: The Most Important People of the Century, in which he was called "master poet, caustic social critic and intrepid, guiding spirit of the counterculture generation". [1]