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A polyp in zoology is one of two forms found in the phylum Cnidaria, the other being the medusa. Polyps are roughly cylindrical in shape and elongated at the axis of the vase -shaped body. In solitary polyps, the aboral (opposite to oral) end is attached to the substrate by means of a disc-like holdfast called a pedal disc , while in colonies ...
This consists of a tubular column topped by a flattened area, the oral disc, with a central mouth; a whorl of tentacles surrounds the mouth. In solitary individuals, the base of the polyp is the foot or pedal disc, which adheres to the substrate, while in colonial polyps, the base links to other polyps in the colony. [2] Anatomy of a stony ...
The polyps are connected by epidermis which surrounds a gastrovascular cavity. The epidermis secretes a chitinous skeleton which supports the stem and in some hydroids, the skeleton extends into a cup shape surrounding the polyp. Most of the polyps are gastrozooids or feeding polyps, but some are specialised reproductive structures known as ...
The individual animals are known as polyps and have a cylindrical body crowned by an oral disc in which a mouth is fringed with tentacles. Although some species are solitary, most are colonial. The founding polyp settles and starts to secrete calcium carbonate to protect its soft body. Solitary corals can be as much as 25 cm (10 in) across but ...
The man o' war is described as a colonial organism because the individual zooids in a colony are evolutionarily derived from either polyps or medusae, [15] i.e. the two basic body plans of cnidarians. [16] Both of these body plans comprise entire individuals in non-colonial cnidarians (for example, a jellyfish is a medusa, while a sea anemone ...
Strobilation tend to occur at specific periods, typically early spring. As ephyra size remains constant regardless of the polyp size, larger polyps produce more numerous ephyras. Some scyphozoans, such as Nausithoe aurea, cnidarians also strobilate in their solitary polyp form, producing either ephyra or planuloids.
Hydroidolina are commonly found in a variety of marine environments across the world such as deepwater caves or [7] [8] brackish and fresh shallow waters, [9] and can exist as solitary or colonial. [ citation needed ] Benthic polyps can be found on a variety of hard substrates, including both natural and artificial surfaces.
Species are generally solitary marine animals capable of benthic locomotion. [3] [4] These corals often appear to be bleached or dead. [5] In most genera, a single polyp emerges from the center of the skeleton to feed at night. Most species remain fully detached from the substrate in adulthood. Some are immobile as well as colonial. [6] [7]