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482–479 BC Second Persian invasion of Greece. 480–307 BC Sicilian Wars. 460–445 BC First Peloponnesian War. 449–448 BC Second Sacred War. 440–439 BC Samian War. 431–404 BC Second Peloponnesian War. 404–403 BC Phyle Campaign. 395–387 BC Corinthian War. 390–387 BC Celtic invasion of Italia.
The Thirty Years' War, [ j ] from 1618 to 1648, was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history. Fought primarily in Central Europe, an estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died from the effects of battle, famine, or disease, while parts of Germany reported population declines of over 50%. [ 19 ]
By 1916, Britain was funding most of the Empire's war expenditures, all of Italy's and two thirds of the war costs of France and Russia, plus smaller nations as well. The gold reserves, overseas investments and private credit then ran out forcing Britain to borrow $4 billion from the U.S. Treasury in 1917–18. [9]
Ottoman wars in Europe: 33,000 23,000 Siege of Chittorgarh: 1567–1568 Mughal-Rajput Wars (1558–1576) 40,000 35,000 Siege of Ulsan: 1598 Imjin War: 30,000 13,000 Siege of Nagykanizsa: 1601 Long Turkish War: 37,000 25,000 Siege of Ostend: 1601–1604 Eighty Years' War: 115,000 90,000 Siege of Osaka: 1614-1615 Edo Period: 500,000 110,000 Siege ...
The effect of the war on France over this time period was considerable. Estimates of the total French losses during the wars vary from 500,000 to 3 million dead. [1] Tom Philo estimated 1,706,000 including 600,000 civilians between 1792–1815. [5] According to David Gates, the Napoleonic Wars cost France at least 916,000 men from 1803 to 1815.
According to most estimates, every day of the war in Ukraine costs Russia $500 million to $1 billion. [73][74][75][76] Russia faced a record shortage of factory workers in July 2023, with more than 43% of industrial enterprises facing a shortage, up from 35% in April.
By GDP per capita. The European Defence Agency member state average spend on defence as a percentage of GDP was 1.5% in 2022. [2] Rank (lowest first) Country. Percentage of GDP expenditure, 2023 [3] 29. Albania. 1.74%.
The total number of military and civilian casualties in World War I was about 40 million: estimates range from around 15 to 22 million deaths [ 1 ] and about 23 million wounded military personnel, ranking it among the deadliest conflicts in human history. The total number of deaths includes from 9 to 11 million military personnel.