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The semitendinosus muscle is one of three hamstring muscles that are located at the back of the thigh. The other two are the semimembranosus muscle and the biceps femoris. The semitendinosus muscle lies between the other two. These three muscles work collectively to flex the knee and extend the hip.
The muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh are the: [2] [3] biceps femoris muscle, which consists of a short head and a long head. semitendinosus muscle; semimembranosus muscle; These muscles (or their tendons) apart from the short head of the biceps femoris, are commonly known as the hamstrings.
The semimembranosus muscle (/ ˌ s ɛ m i ˌ m ɛ m b r ə ˈ n oʊ s ə s /) is the most medial of the three hamstring muscles in the thigh. It is so named because it has a flat tendon of origin. It lies posteromedially in the thigh, deep to the semitendinosus muscle. It extends the hip joint and flexes the knee joint.
Semitendinosus and semimembranosus extend the hip when the trunk is fixed; they also flex the knee and medially (inwardly) rotate the lower leg when the knee is bent. The long head of the biceps femoris extends the hip, as when beginning to walk; both short and long heads flex the knee and laterally (outwardly) rotate the lower leg when the ...
The three tendons, from front to back, that conjoin to form the pes anserinus come from the sartorius muscle, the gracilis muscle, and the semitendinosus muscle. [1] [2] It inserts onto the proximal anteromedial surface of the tibia. [2] The pes anserinus is around 5 cm below the medial tibial joint line. [2]
Cross section of the thigh showing the fascial compartments in different colors. Green is the medial compartment (gracilis and adductor magnus), blue is the posterior (semimembrosus to biceps c. brevis) and red is the anterior (vastus lateralis to sartorius).
The obturator externus muscle is sometimes considered part of this group, [1] [2] [3] and sometimes excluded. [4] (Spatially, it is in this location, but functionally, it is more similar to the other lateral rotator group muscles). The pectineus is sometimes included in this group, [1] [3] and sometimes excluded.
The semitendinosus and the semimembranosus share their origin with the long head of the biceps, and both attaches on the medial side of the proximal head of the tibia together with the gracilis and sartorius to form the pes anserinus. The semitendinosus acts on two joints; extension of the hip, flexion of the knee, and medial rotation of the leg.