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A mitochondrion (pl. mitochondria) is an organelle found in the cells of most eukaryotes, such as animals, plants and fungi.Mitochondria have a double membrane structure and use aerobic respiration to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used throughout the cell as a source of chemical energy. [2]
The cDNA hypothesis has since been revised as edited mitochondrial cDNAs are unlikely to recombine with the nuclear genome and are more likely to recombine with their native mitochondrial genome. If the edited mitochondrial sequence recombines with the mitochondrial genome, mitochondrial splice sites would no longer exist in the mitochondrial ...
In human mitochondrial genetics, L is the mitochondrial DNA macro-haplogroup that is at the root of the anatomically modern human (Homo sapiens) mtDNA phylogenetic tree. As such, it represents the most ancestral mitochondrial lineage of all currently living modern humans, also dubbed "Mitochondrial Eve". Its two sub-clades are L1-6 and L0.
The last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA) is the hypothetical last common ancestor of all living eukaryotes, around 2 billion years ago, [3] [4] and was most likely a biological population. [8] It is believed to have been a protist with a nucleus, at least one centriole and cilium , facultatively aerobic mitochondria, sex ( meiosis and syngamy ...
Although the order Rickettsiales has been proposed as the alphaproteobacterial sister-group of mitochondria, [1] [2] [3] no definitive evidence pinpoints the alphaproteobacterial group from which the proto-mitochondrion emerged, and some contradictory evidence, especially in the early, sparse genome samplings.
Haplogroup H is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. The clade is believed to have originated in Southwest Asia, near present day Syria, [1] around 20,000 to 25,000 years ago. Mitochondrial haplogroup H is today predominantly found in Europe, and is believed to have evolved before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM).
“Mitochondria play a vital role in cellular energy production, metabolism, and immune response. By understanding how mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to Crohn’s disease, researchers can ...
There is still debate about whether organelles like the hydrogenosome predated the origin of mitochondria, or vice versa: see the hydrogen hypothesis for the origin of eukaryotic cells. How the current lineages of microbes evolved from this postulated community is currently unsolved, but subject to intense research by biologists, stimulated by ...