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  2. Carbon fibers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_fibers

    Carbon fibers or carbon fibres (alternatively CF, graphite fiber or graphite fibre) are fibers about 5 to 10 micrometers (0.00020–0.00039 in) in diameter and composed mostly of carbon atoms. [1] Carbon fibers have several advantages: high stiffness, high tensile strength, high strength to weight ratio, high chemical resistance, high ...

  3. Carbon-fiber reinforced polymer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon-fiber_reinforced...

    Controversially, in 2006, cricket bats with a thin carbon-fiber layer on the back were introduced and used in competitive matches by high-profile players including Ricky Ponting and Michael Hussey. The carbon fiber was claimed to merely increase the durability of the bats, but it was banned from all first-class matches by the ICC in 2007. [37]

  4. Graphene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphene

    Graphene (/ ˈ ɡ r æ f iː n /) [1] is a carbon allotrope consisting of a single layer of atoms arranged in a honeycomb planar nanostructure. [2] [3] The name "graphene" is derived from "graphite" and the suffix -ene, indicating the presence of double bonds within the carbon structure.

  5. Polyacrylonitrile - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyacrylonitrile

    [citation needed] For producing carbon fiber higher molecular weight is desired. [ 15 ] In the production of carbon fibers containing 600 tex (6k) PAN tow, the linear density of filaments is 0.12 tex and the filament diameter is 11.6 μm which produces a carbon fiber that has the filament strength of 417 kgf/mm2 and binder content of 38.6%.

  6. Kevlar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevlar

    Kevlar 149, the strongest fiber and most crystalline in structure, is an alternative in certain parts of aircraft construction. [58] The wing leading edge is one application, Kevlar being less prone than carbon or glass fiber to break in bird collisions.

  7. Composite material - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite_material

    Carbon Fiber High Modulus Carbon Fiber E-Glass Fiber Glass Standard Carbon Fibers Fabric E-Glass Fiber Glass Fabric Steel Al Longitudinal Modulus E1 GPa 17 17 12.3 19.1 12.2 207 72 Transverse Modulus E2 GPa 17 17 12.3 19.1 12.2 207 72 In Plane Shear Modulus G12 GPa 33 47 11 30 8 80 25 Poisson's Ratio v12 .77 .83 .53 .74 .53 Tensile Strength Xt MPa

  8. Carbon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon

    Carbon (from Latin carbo 'coal') is a chemical element; it has symbol C and atomic number 6. It is nonmetallic and tetravalent—meaning that its atoms are able to form up to four covalent bonds due to its valence shell exhibiting 4 electrons. It belongs to group 14 of the periodic table. [13] Carbon makes up about 0.025 percent of Earth's ...

  9. Pitch-based carbon fiber - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitch-based_carbon_fiber

    An advantage in the production of Pitch carbon fibers over PAN carbon fibers is that Pitch carbon fibers do not require constant tension on the fibers at all processing stages. Pitch based carbon fibers have been found to be more sheet-like in their crystal structure, as opposed to PAN based carbon fibers, which are more granular. [4]