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  2. Chemical impurity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_impurity

    In chemistry and materials science, impurities are chemical substances inside a confined amount of liquid, gas, or solid. They differ from the chemical composition of the material or compound. [ 1 ] Firstly, a pure chemical should appear in at least one chemical phase and can also be characterized by its phase diagram .

  3. List of purification methods in chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_purification...

    Trituration removes highly soluble impurities from usually solid insoluble material by rinsing it with an appropriate solvent. Adsorption removes a soluble impurity from a feed stream by trapping it on the surface of a solid material, such as activated carbon, that forms strong non-covalent chemical bonds with the impurity.

  4. Chemical purity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_purity

    In chemistry, chemical purity is the measurement of the amount of impurities found in a sample. Several grades of purity are used by the scientific, pharmaceutical, and industrial communities. [1] [2] Some of the commonly used grades of purity include:

  5. Trituration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trituration

    In organic chemistry, trituration is a process used to purify crude chemical compounds containing soluble impurities. A solvent is chosen in which the desired product is insoluble and the undesired by-products are very soluble or vice versa. For example, when the impurities are soluble and the desired product is not, the crude material is ...

  6. Dross - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dross

    For higher melting point metals and alloys such as steel and silver, oxidized impurities melt and float making them easy to pour off. With wrought iron, hammering and later rolling remove some dross. [1] With tin and lead the dross can be removed by adding sodium hydroxide pellets, which dissolve the oxides and form a slag. If floating, dross ...

  7. Recrystallization (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recrystallization_(chemistry)

    Recrystallization is a method used to purify chemicals by dissolving a mixture of a compound and its impurities, in an appropriate solvent, prior to heating the solution. [1] Following the dissolution of crude product, the mixture will passively cool, yielding a crystallized compound and its impurities as separate entities.

  8. Copper (I) cyanide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper(I)_cyanide

    Copper cyanide is a coordination polymer.It exists in two polymorphs both of which contain -[Cu-CN]- chains made from linear copper(I) centres linked by cyanide bridges.In the high-temperature polymorph, HT-CuCN, which is isostructural with AgCN, the linear chains pack on a hexagonal lattice and adjacent chains are off set by +/- 1/3 c, Figure 1. [5]

  9. Contamination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contamination

    Within the sciences, the word "contamination" can take on a variety of subtle differences in meaning, whether the contaminant is a solid or a liquid, [3] as well as the variance of environment the contaminant is found to be in. [2] A contaminant may even be more abstract, as in the case of an unwanted energy source that may interfere with a process. [2]