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It is named after the town of Kimberley in South Africa, where the discovery of an 83.5-carat (16.70 g) diamond called the Star of South Africa in 1869 spawned a diamond rush and led to the excavation of the open-pit mine called the Big Hole. Previously, the term kimberlite has been applied to olivine lamproites as Kimberlite II, however this ...
Bort, boart, or boort is an umbrella term used in the diamond industry to refer to shards of non-gem-grade/quality diamonds.In the manufacturing and heavy industries, "bort" is used to describe dark, imperfectly formed or crystallized diamonds of varying levels of opacity.
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Diamond is a good electrical insulator, having a resistivity of 100 GΩ⋅m to 1 EΩ⋅m [32] (1.0 × 10 11 – 1.0 × 10 18 Ω⋅m), and is famous for its wide bandgap of 5.47 eV. High carrier mobilities [ 33 ] and high electric breakdown field [ 34 ] at room temperature are also important characteristics of diamond.
Exploration diamond drilling differs from other geological drilling (such as Reverse Circulation (RC) Drilling [3]) in that a solid core is extracted from depth, for examination on the surface. The key technology of the diamond drill is the actual diamond bit itself. [4] It is composed of industrial diamonds set into a soft metallic matrix.
It is translucent and brownish-yellow and has an index of refraction of 2.40–2.41 and a specific gravity of 3.2–3.3 . Its hardness is theoretically superior to that of cubic diamond (up to 58% more), according to computational simulations, but natural specimens exhibited somewhat lower hardness through a large range of values (from 7–8 on ...
Sample of lamproite [1] Lamproite is an ultrapotassic mantle-derived volcanic or subvolcanic rock. It has low CaO, Al 2 O 3, Na 2 O, high K 2 O/Al 2 O 3, a relatively high MgO content and extreme enrichment in incompatible elements. Lamproites are geographically widespread yet are volumetrically insignificant.
Spinifex texture is the result of rapid crystallization of highly magnesian liquid in the thermal gradient at the margin of the flow or sill. Harrisite texture, first described from intrusive rocks (not komatiites) at Harris Bay on the island of Rùm in Scotland, is formed by nucleation of crystals on the floor of a magma chamber.