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The Chinese kinship system (simplified Chinese: 亲属系统; traditional Chinese: 親屬系統; pinyin: qīnshǔ xìtǒng) is among the most complicated of all the world's kinship systems. It maintains a specific designation for almost every member's kin based on their generation, lineage, relative age, and gender.
The Hokkien language uses a broad array of honorific suffixes or prefixes for addressing or referring to people. Most are suffixes. Honorifics are often non-gender-neutral; some imply a feminine context (such as sió-chiá) while others imply a masculine one (such as sian-siⁿ), and still others imply both.
Northern Chinese people often use laolao and laoye, while Mandarin-speaking Southerners often use wài pó (外婆, mother's mother) and wài gōng (外公, mother's father), to refer to maternal grandparents; paternal grandparents usually are called nǎi nai (奶奶, father's mother) and yé yé (爷爷, father's father).
In Chinese, there is a saying that "among hundreds of behaviors, filial piety is the most important one" (Chinese: 百善孝为先; pinyin: bǎi shàn xiào wéi xiān). [46] [9] In modern Chinese, filial piety is rendered with the words xiào shùn , meaning "respect and obedience". [49]
Chinese honorifics (Chinese: 敬語; pinyin: Jìngyǔ) and honorific language are words, word constructs, and expressions in the Chinese language that convey self-deprecation, social respect, politeness, or deference. [1] Once ubiquitously employed in ancient China, a large percent has fallen out of use in the contemporary Chinese lexicon.
Many societies, including Chinese society, have traditionally endorsed kinship care. [4] In particular, the practice of grandchildren being cared for by grandparents while the parents migrate for work has become widespread within China due to rural-urban migration. [11]
The Peranakan Chinese (/ p ə ˈ r ɑː n ə ˌ k ɑː n,-k ən /) are an ethnic group defined by their genealogical descent from the first waves of Southern Chinese settlers to maritime Southeast Asia, known as Nanyang (Chinese: 南洋; pinyin: nán yáng; lit.
During the Great Chinese Famine from 1958 to 1962, having an urban versus a rural hukou could mean the difference between life and death. [28] During this period, nearly all of the approximately 600 million rural hukou residents were collectivized into village communal farms, where their agricultural output -– after state taxes – would be ...