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The reducing agent in this reaction is ferrocyanide ([Fe(CN) 6] 4−). It donates an electron, becoming oxidized to ferricyanide ([Fe(CN) 6] 3−). Simultaneously, that electron is received by the oxidizer chlorine (Cl 2), which is reduced to chloride (Cl −). Strong reducing agents easily lose (or donate) electrons.
Sodium triacetoxyborohydride is a milder reducing agent than sodium borohydride or even sodium cyanoborohydride. It reduces aldehydes but not most ketones. It is especially suitable for reductive aminations of aldehydes and ketones. [2] [3] [4]
Hypophosphorous acid (HPA), or phosphinic acid, is a phosphorus oxyacid and a powerful reducing agent with molecular formula H 3 PO 2.It is a colorless low-melting compound, which is soluble in water, dioxane and alcohols.
Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent that finds application in papermaking and dye industries. It is also used as a reagent in organic synthesis. [6] The compound was discovered in the 1940s by H. I. Schlesinger, who led a team seeking volatile uranium compounds.
The result of these trends is that acid halides, ketones, and aldehydes are usually the most readily reduced compounds, while acids and esters require stronger reducing agents. Importantly and characteristically, these hydride reagents generally do not attack C=C bonds. [2] Several factors contribute to the strength of metal hydride reducing ...
Lithium borohydride (LiBH 4) is a borohydride and known in organic synthesis as a reducing agent for esters.Although less common than the related sodium borohydride, the lithium salt offers some advantages, being a stronger reducing agent and highly soluble in ethers, whilst remaining safer to handle than lithium aluminium hydride.
It is also used as a strong reducing agent and in the production of synthetic fibres, organophosphorus pesticides, and the highly efficient water treatment agent ATMP. Ferrous materials, including steel, may be somewhat protected by promoting oxidation ("rust") and then converting the oxidation to a metalophosphate by using phosphoric acid and ...
With a reduction potential near −2.5 V vs NHE, the naphthalene radical anion is a strong reducing agent. [1] It is capable of defluorinating PTFE and is commonly used for chemically etching PTFE to allow adhesion. [7]