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Acetyl-CoA then enters the citric acid cycle, where the acetyl group is oxidized to carbon dioxide and water, and the energy released is captured in the form of 11 ATP and one GTP per acetyl group. Konrad Bloch and Feodor Lynen were awarded the 1964 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries linking acetyl-CoA and fatty acid ...
In enzymology, an acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.9) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. 2 acetyl-CoA CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA. Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, acetyl-CoA, and two products, CoA and acetoacetyl-CoA. Acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase belongs to the thiolase family of enzymes.
The enzyme acetyl-CoA hydrolase (EC 3.1.2.1) catalyzes the reaction acetyl-CoA + H 2 O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } CoA + acetate This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases , specifically those acting on thioester bonds.
ATP + Acetate + CoA → AMP + Pyrophosphate + Acetyl-CoA [1] Once acetyl-CoA is formed it can be used in the TCA cycle in aerobic respiration to produce energy and electron carriers. This is an alternate method to starting the cycle, as the more common way is producing acetyl-CoA from pyruvate through the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.
In enzymology, an acetate CoA-transferase (EC 2.8.3.8) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction acyl-CoA + acetate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } a fatty acid anion + acetyl-CoA Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are acyl-CoA and acetate , whereas its two products are long-chain carboxylate anion and acetyl-CoA .
The mevalonate pathway of eukaryotes, archaea, and eubacteria all begin the same way. The sole carbon feed stock of the pathway is acetyl-CoA. The first step condenses two acetyl-CoA molecules to yield acetoacetyl-CoA. This is followed by a second condensation to form HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3- methyl-glutaryl-CoA). Reduction of HMG-CoA yields (R ...
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