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This is important for long-term use of some materials, such as composites and sealants. [13] By dissolving minerals in enamel, etchants remove the outer 10 micrometers on the enamel surface and make a porous layer 5–50 micrometers deep. [42] This roughens the enamel microscopically and results in a greater surface area on which to bond.
Toothpaste comes in a variety of colors and flavors, intended to encourage use of the product. The three most common flavorants are peppermint, spearmint, and wintergreen. Toothpaste flavored with peppermint-anise oil is popular in the Mediterranean region. These flavors are provided by the respective oils, e.g. peppermint oil. [18]
Fluoride is a mineral found naturally in rock, air, soil, plants and water and may assist by: Potentially repairing early white spot lesions found on the tooth surface that may develop into cavities. [citation needed] And a reduction in cavities may result in the following downstream benefits:
"Teeth, like bones in our body, are composed of minerals —primarily calcium and phosphate." When someone has cavities, bacteria feed on refined carbohydrates that you eat and produce an acid ...
Plaque and calculus deposits are a major etiological factor in the development and progression of oral disease. An important part of the scope of practice of a dental hygienist is the removal of plaque and calculus deposits. This is achieved through the use of specifically designed instruments for debridement of tooth surfaces.
The mineral ions introduced during remineralisation restore the structure of the hydroxyapatite crystals. [22] If fluoride ions are present during the remineralisation, through water fluoridation or the use of fluoride-containing toothpaste , the stronger and more acid-resistant fluorapatite crystals are formed instead of the hydroxyapatite ...
Fluoride was known to enhance bone mineral density at the lumbar spine, but it was not effective for vertebral fractures and provoked more nonvertebral fractures. [62] In areas that have naturally occurring high levels of fluoride in groundwater which is used for drinking water , both dental and skeletal fluorosis can be prevalent and severe.
An inspection of a Tom's of Maine manufacturing facility found that the brand's toothpaste was produced with water containing bacteria, and a "black mold-like substance" was discovered at the ...