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Sodium cyanide is a compound with the formula Na C N and the structure Na + − C≡N. It is a white, water-soluble solid. Cyanide has a high affinity for metals, which leads to the high toxicity of this salt. Its main application, in gold mining, also exploits its high reactivity toward metals. It is a moderately strong base.
Among the most toxic cyanides are hydrogen cyanide (HCN), sodium cyanide (NaCN), potassium cyanide (KCN), and calcium cyanide (Ca(CN) 2). The cyanide anion is an inhibitor of the enzyme cytochrome c oxidase (also known as aa 3), the fourth complex of the electron transport chain found in the inner membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic ...
NaC 3 H 6 NO 3: sodium hydromethylglycinate: 70161–44–3 NaC 4 H 7 O 4: sodium diacetate: 126–96–5 NaC 6 H 6 SO 3: sodium benzosulfonate: 515–42–4 NaC 7 H 5 O 2: sodium benzoate: 532–32–1 NaC 7 H 8 SO 3: sodium tosylate: 657–84–1 NaC 8 H 7 O 2: sodium phenylacetate: 114–70–5 NaC 8 H 9 SO 3: sodium xylenesulfonate: 1300 ...
Diethyl malonate is produced from the reaction of the sodium salt of chloroacetic acid with sodium cyanide, which produces the nitrile. This intermediate is then treated with ethanol in the presence of acid catalyst: ClCH 2 CO 2 Na + NaCN → NCCH 2 CO 2 Na + NaCl NCCH 2 CO 2 Na + 2 C 2 H 5 OH + 2 HCl → C 2 H 5 O 2 CCH 2 CO 2 C 2 H 5 + NH 4 ...
Potassium hexacyanidoferrate(II) is produced industrially from hydrogen cyanide, iron(II) chloride, and calcium hydroxide, the combination of which affords Ca 2 [Fe(CN) 6]·11H 2 O. This solution is then treated with potassium salts to precipitate the mixed calcium-potassium salt CaK 2 [Fe(CN) 6 ], which in turn is treated with potassium ...
Cyanuric chloride is employed as a reagent in organic synthesis for the conversion of alcohols into alkyl chlorides, [8] and carboxylic acids into acyl chlorides: [9]. It is also used as a dehydrating agent, e.g. in the conversion of amides to nitriles, [10] and for the activation of carboxylic acids for reduction to alcohols.
Cyanides as a chemical class were named because they were discovered in ferrocyanide. Ferrocyanide in turn was named in Latin to mean "blue substance with iron." The dye Prussian blue had been first made in the early 18th century. The word "cyanide" used in the name is from κύανος kyanos, Greek for "(dark) blue."
n.o.s. = not otherwise specified meaning a collective entry to which substances, mixtures, solutions or articles may be assigned if a) they are not mentioned by name in 3.2 Dangerous Goods List AND b) they exhibit chemical, physical and/or dangerous properties corresponding to the Class, classification code, packing group and the name and description of the n.o.s. entry [2]