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Metallurgy in pre-Columbian America – many pre-Columbian cultures, especially the Moche in the Andean regions were skilled metallurgists. Indigenous Americans mastered smelting, soldering, annealing, electroplating, sintering, alloying, low-wax casting, and many other metallurgical techniques independent of any Old World influences. The Moche ...
Many pre-Columbian civilizations established permanent or urban settlements, agriculture, and complex societal hierarchies. In North America, indigenous cultures in the Lower Mississippi Valley during the Middle Archaic period built complexes of multiple mounds, with several in Louisiana dated to 5600–5000 BP (3700 BC–3100 BC).
The Cambeba were a populous, organized society in the late pre-Columbian era whose population suffered a steep decline in the early years of the Columbian Exchange. The Spanish explorer Francisco de Orellana traversed the Amazon River during the 16th century and reported densely populated regions running hundreds of kilometers along the river.
"Pre-Columbian agricultural landscapes, ecosystem engineers, and self-organized patchiness in Amazonia". PNAS. 107 (17). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America: 7823– 7828. Bibcode:2010PNAS..107.7823M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0908925107. PMC 2867901. PMID 20385814
The term Pre-Columbian cultures are cultures of the Americas in the era before significant European influence. While technically referring to the era before Christopher Columbus, in practice the term usually includes indigenous cultures as they continued to develop until they were conquered or significantly influenced by Europeans, even if this happened decades or even centuries after Columbus ...
Many Native American contributions to our modern world often go unrecognized, according to Gaetana DeGennaro, a museum specialist at the Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian.
The population of these Pre-Columbian cultures in the Modern-Day territory of Colombia is estimated to have been around 6 million. [1] Around a third of them, or about 2 million people were Muiscas located in Andean highlands, with the population being concentrated in a similar way to Modern-Day Colombia. [2]
These also include concepts or practices introduced by Mexican people and their indigenous ancestors. Some of the objects, processes or techniques developed in the Pre-Columbian era were also invented or discovered independently in other cultures. This list shows only inventions and discoveries first introduced in present-day Mexican territory ...