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The Hawaiian rebellions and revolutions took place in Hawaii between 1887 and 1895. Until annexation in 1898, Hawaii was an independent sovereign state , recognized by the United States , United Kingdom , France , and Germany with exchange of ambassadors.
The Hawaiian Kingdom was overthrown in a coup d'état against Queen Liliʻuokalani that took place on January 17, 1893, on the island of Oahu.The coup was led by the Committee of Safety, composed of seven foreign residents (five Americans, one Scotsman, and one German [6]) and six Hawaiian Kingdom subjects of American descent in Honolulu.
In 1887, in response to increased political tension between the legislature and the king, a group of government ministers led by Interior Minister Lorrin A. Thurston with the support of an armed militia, forced King David Kalākaua to promulgate the 1887 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii.
Though many Americans think of a vacation in a tropical paradise when imagining Hawaii, how the 50th state came to be a part of the U.S. is actually a much darker story, generations in the making.
Hawaiian Revolutions (1887–1895) (continued) 1895 Wilcox rebellion (1895), also known as the 1895 Counter-Revolution: Robert William Wilcox , a soldier and politician, and Colonel Samuel Nowlein , former commander of the Royal Guard, attempted to restore the monarchy in a failed counter-revolution .
I, Liliuokalani of Hawaii, by the will of God named heir apparent on the tenth day of April, A.D. 1877, and by the grace of God Queen of the Hawaiian Islands on the seventeenth day of January, A.D. 1893, do hereby protest against the ratification of a certain treaty, which, so I am informed, has been signed at Washington by Messrs. Hatch ...
(full text) 1887 Constitution of the Hawaiian Kingdom and Kalakaua's November 3 speech before the Legislative Assembly. The Honolulu Gazette Col., Ltd. pp. 159– 173. 1887 Constitution of the Hawaiian Kingdom (scanned images) 1887 Constitution of the Hawaiian Kingdom (Full text, with access to the English translation, and other resources)
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