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The lead-acid battery is a type of rechargeable battery first invented in 1859 by French physicist Gaston Planté. It is the first type of rechargeable battery ever created. Compared to modern rechargeable batteries, lead-acid batteries have relatively low energy density. Despite this, they are able to supply high surge currents.
A 12V VRLA battery, typically used in small uninterruptible power supplies and emergency lamps.. A valve regulated lead‐acid (VRLA) battery, commonly known as a sealed lead-acid (SLA) battery, [1] is a type of lead-acid battery characterized by a limited amount of electrolyte ("starved" electrolyte) absorbed in a plate separator or formed into a gel, proportioning of the negative and ...
The main benefit of the lead–acid battery is its low cost; its main drawbacks are large size and weight for a given capacity and voltage. Lead–acid batteries should never be discharged to below 20% of their capacity, [67] because internal resistance will cause heat and damage when they are recharged. Deep-cycle lead–acid systems often use ...
A typical 12 V, 40 Ah lead-acid car battery. An automotive battery, or car battery, is a rechargeable battery that is used to start a motor vehicle.. Its main purpose is to provide an electric current to the electric-powered starting motor, which in turn starts the chemically-powered internal combustion engine that actually propels the vehicle.
In the strictest sense, a battery is a set of two or more galvanic cells that are connected in series to form a single source of voltage. For instance, a typical 12 V lead–acid battery has six galvanic cells connected in series, with the anodes composed of lead and cathodes composed of lead dioxide, both immersed in sulfuric acid.
Nissan Leaf cutaway showing part of the battery in 2009. An electric vehicle battery is a rechargeable battery used to power the electric motors of a battery electric vehicle (BEV) or hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). They are typically lithium-ion batteries that are designed for high power-to-weight ratio and energy density.
Lead reacts with the acid by taking in two electrons, leaving it negative while also producing lead sulfate. The two chemical processes continue as long as an external circuit is available to allow the electrons to flow back into the positive plates, but reaches equilibrium quickly when the battery is disconnected from the circuit.
The lead–acid battery, invented in 1859 by French physicist Gaston Planté, is the oldest type of rechargeable battery. Despite having a very low energy-to-weight ratio and a low energy-to-volume ratio, its ability to supply high surge currents means that the cells have a relatively large power-to-weight ratio .