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A mechanoreceptor, also called mechanoceptor, is a sensory receptor that responds to mechanical pressure or distortion. Mechanoreceptors are located on sensory neurons that convert mechanical pressure into electrical signals that, in animals, are sent to the central nervous system.
Mechanoreceptors found in the skin, called cutaneous mechanoreceptors, are responsible for the sense of touch. Tiny cells in the inner ear, called hair cells, are responsible for hearing and balance. States of neuropathic pain, such as hyperalgesia and allodynia, are also directly related to mechanosensation. A wide array of elements are ...
The utricle contains mechanoreceptors called hair cells that distinguish between degrees of tilting of the head, thanks to their apical stereocilia set-up. These are covered by otoliths which, due to gravity, pull on the stereocilia and tilt them.
Mechanoreceptors are sensory receptors which respond to mechanical forces, such as pressure or distortion. [13] While mechanoreceptors are present in hair cells and play an integral role in the vestibular and auditory systems , the majority of mechanoreceptors are cutaneous and are grouped into four categories:
The Platypus also uses push-rod mechanoreceptors to be able to feel changes in motion and pressure. By waving its head from side to side, the platypus takes in all of this information, making it ...
External receptors that respond to stimuli from outside the body are called exteroreceptors. [4] Exteroreceptors include chemoreceptors such as olfactory receptors and taste receptors, photoreceptors (), thermoreceptors (temperature), nociceptors (), hair cells (hearing and balance), and a number of other different mechanoreceptors for touch and proprioception (stretch, distortion and stress).
In order for mechanical signals to be sensed, there need to be mechanoreceptors on the surface of chondrocytes. Candidates for chondrocyte mechanoreceptors include stretch-activated ion channels (SAC), [27] the hyaluronan receptor CD44, annexin V (a collagen type II receptor), [28] and integrin receptors (of which there exist several types on ...
Low frequency vibrations are sensed by mechanoreceptors called Merkel cells, also known as type I cutaneous mechanoreceptors. Merkel cells are located in the stratum basale of the epidermis . Deep pressure and vibration is transduced by lamellated ( Pacinian ) corpuscles, which are receptors with encapsulated endings found deep in the dermis ...