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A 2024 systematic review of the literature found that chemoradiation with 5-FU and mitomycin C, as used in the Nigro Protocol, improves outcomes like colostomy-free survival in anal cancer patients compared to alternatives like cisplatin. However, it can lead to more severe side effects, especially blood-related toxicity. [7]
Hernias develop when the fascia of the abdominal cavity separates after the surgical closure. This may be due to suture failure, poor wound healing. Other risk factors include obesity and smoking. [22] Smaller closure stitches and the use of mesh when closing open surgeries may decrease the risk of hernia occurrence.
Standard treatment may include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and surgery. [1] About 8,300 people are diagnosed a year in the United States, representing about 0.5% of new cancers. [2] Onset is typically after the age of 45. [2] Women are affected more often than men. [2] The number of cases has increased since the 1990s. [3]
CAPOX (also called XELOX [1]) is a chemotherapy regimen consisting of capecitabine (trade name Xeloda) combined with oxaliplatin. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Xelox regime operates in 3-week cycles, usually with 8 cycles in total; Xeloda is taken orally twice daily for two weeks, while oxaliplatin is administered by IV on the first day of the cycle; there is a ...
While an anastomosis may be end-to-end, equally it could be performed side-to-side or end-to-side depending on the circumstances of the required reconstruction or bypass. The term reanastomosis is also used to describe a surgical reconnection usually reversing a prior surgery to disconnect an anatomical anastomosis , e.g. tubal reversal after ...
The chemotherapy regimen is made up of the following four drugs: FOL – folinic acid (leucovorin), a vitamin B derivative that modulates/potentiates/reduces the side effects of fluorouracil; F – fluorouracil (5-FU), a pyrimidine analog and antimetabolite which incorporates into the DNA molecule and stops DNA synthesis;
If you or someone you know is struggling with addiction, contact Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Treatment Referral Helpline at 800-662-HELP (4357).
Tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil, sold under the brand name Teysuno among others is a fixed-dose combination medication used for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer when used in combination with cisplatin, [3] and also for the treatment of head and neck cancer, colorectal cancer, non–small-cell lung, breast, pancreatic, and biliary tract cancers.