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Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect in which blood flows between the atria (upper chambers) of the heart.Some flow is a normal condition both pre-birth and immediately post-birth via the foramen ovale; however, when this does not naturally close after birth it is referred to as a patent (open) foramen ovale (PFO).
Defective embryonic formation of the heart results in multiple holes between the heart chambers. In AVSD, all four chambers are connected, but the exact characteristics of holes and malformations may vary between patients. Even within the categories of "complete" and "partial" AVSD, multiple morphologies exist, with varying clinical consequences.
Because the heart is located behind the sternum, and because individuals with pectus excavatum have been shown to have visible deformities of the heart seen both on radiological imaging and after autopsies, it has been hypothesized that there is impairment of the function of the cardiovascular system in individuals with pectus excavatum.
Its name is a French term ("cat-cry" or "call of the cat") referring to the characteristic cat-like cry of affected children. [2] It was first described by Jérôme Lejeune in 1963. [ 3 ] The condition affects an estimated 1 in 50,000 live births across all ethnicities and is more common in females by a 4:3 ratio.
It’s interesting because generally cats prefer the way in which women interact with them.” ... It’s also something I’ve been called many times. The ‘crazy cat lady’ trope, as seen here ...
When the blood returns to the heart from the lungs via the pulmonary vein, it goes to the left side of the heart, entering the upper left atrium. Blood is then pumped to the lower left ventricle and from there out of the heart to the body via the aorta. This is called the systemic circulation. A cardiac shunt is when blood follows a pattern ...
In fact, there are around 350 million pet cats across the globe, proving that their so-called aloofness hasn’t stopped people from falling in love with them. #4 Image credits: cats doing cat stuff
In addition to her near-daily hospital visits, she passes the time with Tytiana, a lab technician, who has been with her since Christmas, and by Facetiming her other daughter and two "grandbabies ...