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In the Mongol siege of Kaifeng from 1232 to 1233, the Mongol Empire captured Kaifeng, the capital of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty. The Mongol Empire and the Jin dynasty had been at war for nearly two decades, beginning in 1211 after the Jin dynasty refused the Mongol offer to submit as a vassal .
Kaifeng (Chinese: 开封; pinyin: Kāifēng) is a prefecture-level city in east-central Henan province, China. It is one of the Eight Ancient Capitals of China, having been the capital eight times in history, and is most known for having been the Chinese capital during the Northern Song dynasty.
The Jurchens used fire arrows against the Mongols during the defence of Kaifeng in 1232. The Mongols adopted this weapon in later conquests. [12] In 1233, after Emperor Aizong had abandoned Kaifeng and failed to raise a new army for himself in Hebei, he returned to Henan and established his base in Guide (present-day Anyang). Scattered Jin ...
Battle between the Mongol and Jin Jurchen armies in north China in 1211 depicted in the Jami' al-tawarikh (Compendium of Chronicles) by Rashid-al-Din Hamadani.. The Mongol conquest of China was a series of major military efforts by the Mongol Empire to conquer various empires ruling over China for 74 years (1205–1279).
The famous painting Qingming Scroll is believed by some to portray life in Kaifeng on a Qingming Festival day. The painting, of which several versions are extant (the above is an 18th-century copy), is attributed to the Song dynasty (960–1279) artist Zhang Zeduan. Kaifeng became the capital of the Northern Song dynasty in 960. An imperial ...
To describe the historical people who founded the Jin dynasty, they reborrowed the Mongolian name as Jurcit(Jyrkät). [ 15 ] [ 9 ] In the dictionary of I. I. Zakharov “Complete Manchu-Russian dictionary” the word чжурчэнь (Jurchen’) is defined as resistance , disobedience , insubordination (сопротивление ...
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Mongolia is divided into 21 provinces or aimags (Mongolian: аймаг) and one provincial municipality. [1] Each aimag is subdivided into several districts. [2] [3] The modern provinces have been established since 1921.