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The oxygen affinity of the blood is related to lung volume. Where the lungs do not represent an oxygen store, the oxygen affinity is low to maximise the unloading of oxygen and to maintain a high tissue oxygen tension. Where the lungs are utilised as an oxygen store, the affinity is high and maximises uptake of oxygen from the alveolar volume. [13]
The result of breathing increased partial pressures of oxygen is hyperoxia, an excess of oxygen in body tissues. The body is affected in different ways depending on the type of exposure. Central nervous system toxicity is caused by short exposure to high partial pressures of oxygen at greater than atmospheric pressure.
These hairs, called vibrissae, are thicker than body hair and effectively block larger particles from entering the respiratory tract. They also increase the surface area for particle deposition, improving the nose's ability to filter pathogens. [15] The cough reflex expels all irritants within the mucous membrane to the outside. The airways of ...
Fish can sense sound through their lateral lines and their otoliths (ears). Some fishes, such as some species of carp and herring, hear through their swim bladders. [9] Hearing is well-developed in carp, which have the Weberian organ, three specialized vertebral processes that transfer vibrations in the swim bladder to the inner ear.
Diver clearing ears Section of the human ear, the Eustachian tube is shown in colour. Ear clearing, clearing the ears or equalization is any of various maneuvers to equalize the pressure in the middle ear with the outside pressure, by letting air enter along the Eustachian tubes, as this does not always happen automatically when the pressure in the middle ear is lower than the outside pressure.
Purvi Parikh, M.D., an allergist with Allergy & Asthma Network, recommends blowing one nostril at a time by putting a finger or pressure on one side of your nose, closing that nostril, and blowing ...
To do this, simply pinch your nostrils closed with one hand and blow air through your nose. You may hear a squeak or popping sound as the air pressure equalizes. Fluid in the Ear
The blood leaving the alveolar capillaries and is eventually distributed throughout the body therefore has a partial pressure of oxygen of 13–14 kPa (100 mmHg), and a partial pressure of carbon dioxide of 5.3 kPa (40 mmHg) (i.e. the same as the oxygen and carbon dioxide gas tensions as in the alveoli). [6]