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Much mining has been done in small artisanal mining operations, sometimes known as Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining (ASM). [10] These small-scale mines were unregulated, [11] with high levels of child labor and workplace injury. Officially, artisanal mining is authorized in specially designated Artisanal Exploitation Zones (AEZ).
[8] [7] Artisanal mining is a way that people in extreme poverty meet their basic needs. [7] Workers at Shabara mine report that they can make $200/week when most people live on less than $2/day. [4] Large-scale industrial mining in the DRC has also been critiqued for its corruption, perpetuation of poverty, and violence. [8]
The Rubaya mines, also known as the Bibatama Mining Concession, is a series of coltan mining sites near the town of Rubaya [1] in Masisi Territory, North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Officially, the mining license is held by Société Minière de Bisunzu Sarl (SMB), associated with Congolese senator Édouard Mwangachuchu . [ 2 ]
Artisanal gold mines near Dodoma, Tanzania. Makeshift sails lead fresh air underground. Artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) is a blanket term for a type of subsistence mining involving a miner who may or may not be officially employed by a mining company but works independently, mining minerals using their own resources, usually by hand. [1]
The Namoya Mine is in Kabambare Territory of Maniema, [22] It is at the south end of the Twangiza-Namoya gold belt. [2] Namoya Mining, a Banro subsidiary, obtained an exploration permit in 2004. By December 2012 a total of 350 diamond boreholes had been completed, plus 2,074 auger holes. [ 23 ]
Mining continued despite the upheavals that followed independence. [5] The DRC government wants to formalize gold mining, which is an important part of the eastern DRC economy, so as to dry up funding for illegal armed groups. A study of artisanal gold mines around Kampene was conducted in July / August 2014 as part of this process. [6]
Bisie mine was established after a hunter discovered cassiterite there, [when?] which led to a frenzy. Artisinal mining at Bisie began in 2003. [3]Following the Second Congo War, Mai Mai-allied militia in were to form the 85th brigade of the national army, receive training and then fragment when they deployed throughout the country.
[25] [2] [26] May 22, 2021 – artisanal gold mine near Bondo in Bas-Uélé province – 12 killed in a landslide. [27] [28] July 2021 – mining at the Catoca diamond mine in Angola contaminates the Kasai River, killing 12 people living downstream in the DRC and sickening about 4,500 people. [29]