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Incidences of autoimmune skin diseases can vary based on several factors. Some of these factors include the breed, age, and sex of the dog, along with individual genetics and environmental factors. [3] In terms of vitiligo, certain breeds of dogs have a higher chance of developing the disease based on their genetics.
In endogenous endophthalmitis systemic signs and symptoms may be present, including fevers, chills, mental status changes, hypotension or other signs of sepsis. [3] 8-20% of endogenous endophthalmitis affect both eyes. [3] In both endogenous and exogenous types of endophthalmitis, approximately 20% of people will experience severe vision loss. [3]
Other predisposing factors include allergies, ear parasites, and hypothyroidism. [76] Deafness* in dogs can be either acquired or congenital. Predisposing factors for acquired deafness include chronic infection, use of certain drugs, and most commonly, age-related changes in the cochlea.
Dog health is viewed holistically; it encompasses many different aspects, including disease processes, genetics, and nutritional health, for example. Infectious diseases that affect dogs are important not only from a veterinary standpoint, but also because of the risk to public health; an example of this is rabies.
Staphylococcus schleiferi is one of the causative agents in pyoderma of dogs and cats. Pyoderma is a skin infection characterized by the presence of purulent discharge . [65] Dogs are most commonly affected by this skin infection which may be caused by a bacterial infection or sometimes, but less commonly, a fungal infection.
A dog displaying a typical clinical picture of visceral leishmaniasis. Canine leishmaniasis (LEESH-ma-NIGH-ah-sis) is a zoonotic disease (see human leishmaniasis) caused by Leishmania parasites transmitted by the bite of an infected phlebotomine sandfly. There have been no documented cases of leishmaniasis transmission from dogs to humans.
Streptococcus canis is a group G beta-hemolytic species of Streptococcus. [1] It was first isolated in dogs, giving the bacterium its name. These bacteria are characteristically different from Streptococcus dysgalactiae, which is a human-specific group G species that has a different phenotypic chemical composition.
Along with age and breed, factors such as a stressful environment, concurrent infections with bacteria, parasites, and canine coronavirus increase a dog's risk of severe infection. [3] Dogs infected with parvovirus usually die from the dehydration it causes or secondary infection rather than the virus itself.