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The Calcutta Municipal corporation (recently renamed as Kolkata Municipal Corporation) was formed and the city had its first mayor. Although the city's name has always been pronounced Kolkata or Kôlikata in Bengali, the anglicised form Calcutta was the official name until 2001, when it was changed to Kolkata in order to match Bengali ...
Kolkata, [a] also known as Calcutta [b] (its official name until 2001), is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of West Bengal.It lies on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River, 80 km (50 mi) west of the border with Bangladesh.
Kolkata was the capital of the British India until 1911, when the capital was relocated to Delhi. Kolkata grew rapidly in the 19th century to become the second most important city of the British Empire after London and was declared as the financial (commercial) capital of the British India. This was accompanied by the fall of a culture that ...
Kalikata was one of the three villages which were merged to form the city of Kolkata (formerly Calcutta) in India. The other two villages were Gobindapur and Sutanuti. Job Charnock, an administrator with the British East India Company is traditionally credited with the honour of founding the city. He settled in the village of Sutanuti.
One of Kolkata's most enduring British-era military fortifications, other than those in Bombay and Madras , it extends over an area of seventy hectares. The fort was named after King William III. [1] In front of the Fort is the Maidan, the largest park in the country. An internal guard room became the Black Hole of Calcutta.
Known as the City of Palaces or St. Petersburg of the East, Calcutta was the richest, largest and the most elegant colonial city of India. [ 2 ] Before 1799, the Governor-General of India resided in a rented house, called 'Buckingham House', located in the same location.
Kolkata — the skyline across the Maidan A satellite image of Kolkata showing land usage The Prinsep Ghat which is located on the bank of the Hoogly River. Spread roughly north–south along the east bank of the Hooghly River, Kolkata sits within the lower Ganges Delta of eastern India; the city's elevation is 1.5–9 m (5–30 ft). [6]
Kolkata is the prime business, commercial and financial hub of eastern India and the main hub of communication for the North East Indian states. [4] Kolkata, with a GDP of $220 billion (as of 2024) [5] is home to India's oldest, stock exchange company (bourse) [6] – The Calcutta Stock Exchange. [7]