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Ibn Khaldun (/ ˈ ɪ b ən h æ l ˈ d uː n / IH-bun hal-DOON; Arabic: أبو زيد عبد الرحمن بن محمد بن خلدون الحضرمي, Abū Zayd ‘Abd ar-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad ibn Khaldūn al-Ḥaḍramī, Arabic: [ibn xalduːn]; 27 May 1332 – 17 March 1406, 732–808 AH) was an Arab [11] [12] sociologist, philosopher, and historian [13] [14] widely acknowledged to be ...
Ibn Khaldun held that population growth was a function of wealth. [23] He understood that money served as a standard of value, a medium of exchange, and a preserver of value, though he did not realize that the value of gold and silver changed based on the forces of supply and demand. [23] Ibn Khaldun also introduced the labor theory of value.
Ibn Khaldun also outlines early theories of division of labor, taxes, scarcity, and economic growth. [14] Khaldun was also one of the first to study the origin and causes of poverty; he argued that poverty was a result of the destruction of morality and human values. [ 15 ]
Perhaps the best known Islamic scholar who wrote about economics was Ibn Khaldun of Tunisia (1332–1406), [79] who is considered a forerunner of modern economists. [80] [81] Ibn Khaldun wrote on economic and political theory in the introduction, or Muqaddimah (Prolegomena), of his History of the World (Kitab al-Ibar).
[126] The Arab explorer Ahmad ibn Fadlan during his northern travels detailed the Rus' people of the Viking Age as being "blonde and ruddy" and "big men with white bodies." [127] [128] The medieval Muslim sociologist Ibn Khaldun noted that those north of the Arabic-speaking world typically didn't use the term white: [129]
Perhaps the most well-known Islamic scholar who wrote about economical issues was Ibn Khaldun, [73] [Note 2] who has been called "the father of modern economics" by I.M. Oweiss. [75] [76] Ibn Khaldun wrote on what is now called economic and political theory in the introduction, or Muqaddimah (Prolegomena), of his History of the World (Kitab al ...
As a supporter of Avicennian logic he was described by Ibn Khaldun as the greatest of the later Persian scholars. [53] Corresponding with Sadr al-Din al-Qunawi , the son-in-law of Ibn al-'Arabi , he thought mysticism, as disseminated by Sufi principles of his time, was not appealing to his mind so he wrote his own book of philosophical Sufism ...
Ibn Khaldun on economic growth Perhaps the most well known Islamic scholar who wrote about economics was Ibn Khaldun of Tunisia (1332–1406), [ 66 ] considered a father of modern economics , [ 67 ] [ 68 ] Ibn Khaldun wrote on economic and political theory in the introduction, or Muqaddimah ( Prolegomena ), of his History of the World ( Kitab ...