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In chemistry, the common-ion effect refers to the decrease in solubility of an ionic precipitate by the addition to the solution of a soluble compound with an ion in common with the precipitate. [1] This behaviour is a consequence of Le Chatelier's principle for the equilibrium reaction of the ionic association / dissociation .
The common-ion effect is the effect of decreased solubility of one salt when another salt that has an ion in common with it is also present. For example, the solubility of silver chloride, AgCl, is lowered when sodium chloride, a source of the common ion chloride, is added to a suspension of AgCl in water. [5]
Forming an ionic bond, Li and F become Li + and F − ions. An ion (/ ˈ aɪ. ɒ n,-ən /) [1] is an atom or molecule with a net electrical charge. The charge of an electron is considered to be negative by convention and this charge is equal and opposite to the charge of a proton, which is considered to be positive by convention. The net charge ...
Cations are positively (+) charged ions while anions are negatively (−) charged. This can be remembered with the help of the following mnemonics. Cats have paws ⇔ Cations are pawsitive. [27] Ca+ion: The letter t in cation looks like a + (plus) sign. [28] An anion is a negative ion. (An egative ion ⇒ Anion). [29]
Ionic radius, r ion, is the radius of a monatomic ion in an ionic crystal structure. Although neither atoms nor ions have sharp boundaries, they are treated as if they were hard spheres with radii such that the sum of ionic radii of the cation and anion gives the distance between the ions in a crystal lattice.
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
The chemical structure of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIM]PF 6), a common ionic liquid. Proposed structure of an imidazolium-based ionic liquid. An ionic liquid (IL) is a salt in the liquid state at ambient conditions.
This includes ions which form sulfides that are insoluble at high concentrations. The reagents used are H 2 S in the presence of NH 4 OH. NH 4 OH is used to increase the concentration of the sulfide ion, by the common ion effect - hydroxide ions from NH 4 OH combine with H + ions from H 2 S, which shifts the equilibrium in favor of the ionized ...