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Ruthenium is a rare transition metal with symbol Ru and atomic number 44. It belongs to the platinum group of the periodic table and is named after Russia, where it was discovered in 1844.
Learn about the periodic table of the chemical elements, an ordered arrangement of the elements by atomic number and properties. Explore the history of the table, from Mendeleev's predictions to the discovery of new elements and blocks.
Group 8 is a column of four transition metals in the periodic table: iron, ruthenium, osmium and hassium. Learn about their properties, history, uses and isotopes from this Wikipedia article.
Learn how the periodic table shows patterns of atomic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity, valency and metallic character of elements. See the summary of trends across periods and groups, and the exceptions and variations for some elements.
Learn about the definition, measurement and trends of atomic radii, the distance from the nucleus to the outermost electron shell of an atom. Compare the values of atomic radii for different elements and their states in picometers and atomic units.
4) ruthenium radioactive isotopes with their relative short half-life are considered as the second most hazardous gaseous isotopes after iodine-131 in case of release by a nuclear accident. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] The two most important isotopes of ruthenium in case of nuclear accident are these with the longest half-life: 103 Ru (39.26 days) and 106 ...
The standard atomic weight of an element is the average of the relative isotopic masses of all isotopes of that element weighted by their abundance on Earth. It is used in chemistry and published by the IUPAC based on natural, stable, terrestrial sources of the element.
By 1829, Döbereiner had found other groups of three elements (hence "triads") whose physical properties were similarly related. [2] He also noted that some quantifiable properties of elements (e.g. atomic weight and density) in a triad followed a trend whereby the value of the middle element in the triad would be exactly or nearly predicted by taking the arithmetic mean of values for that ...