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Apache ORC (Optimized Row Columnar) is a free and open-source column-oriented data storage format. [3] It is similar to the other columnar-storage file formats available in the Hadoop ecosystem such as RCFile and Parquet. It is used by most of the data processing frameworks Apache Spark, Apache Hive, Apache Flink, and Apache Hadoop.
RCFile became the de facto standard data storage structure in Hadoop software environment supported by the Apache HCatalog project (formerly known as Howl [10]) that is the table and storage management service for Hadoop. [11] RCFile is supported by the open source Elephant Bird library used in Twitter for daily data analytics. [12]
Apache Hive is a data warehouse software project. It is built on top of Apache Hadoop for providing data query and analysis. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Hive gives an SQL-like interface to query data stored in various databases and file systems that integrate with Hadoop.
Apache Parquet is a free and open-source column-oriented data storage format in the Apache Hadoop ecosystem. It is similar to RCFile and ORC, the other columnar-storage file formats in Hadoop, and is compatible with most of the data processing frameworks around Hadoop.
Apache Doris Java & C++ Open source (since 2017), database for high-concurrency point queries and high-throughput analysis. Apache Druid: Java Started in 2011 for low-latency massive ingestion and queries. Support and extensions available from Imply Data. Apache Kudu: C++ Released in 2016 to complete the Apache Hadoop ecosystem Apache Pinot: Java
Examples of column-oriented formats include Apache ORC, [3] Apache Parquet, [4] Apache Arrow, [5] formats used by BigQuery, Amazon Redshift and Snowflake. Predominant examples of row-oriented formats include CSV, formats used in most relational databases , the in-memory format of Apache Spark , and Apache Avro .
Apache Avro: Apache Software Foundation — No Apache Avro™ Specification: Yes Partial g — Built-in C, C#, C++, Java, PHP, Python, Ruby — Apache Parquet: Apache Software Foundation — No Apache Parquet: Yes No No — Java, Python, C++ No Apache Thrift: Facebook (creator) Apache (maintainer) — No Original whitepaper: Yes Partial c: No ...
Apache Parquet and Apache ORC are popular examples of on-disk columnar data formats. Arrow is designed as a complement to these formats for processing data in-memory. [11] The hardware resource engineering trade-offs for in-memory processing vary from those associated with on-disk storage. [12]