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  2. Free Appropriate Public Education - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_Appropriate_Public...

    FAPE is a civil right rooted in the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution, which includes the Equal Protection and Due Process clauses.. FAPE is defined in the Code of Federal Regulations (7 CFR 15b.22) [6] as "the provision of regular or special education and related aids and services that (i) are designed to meet individual needs of handicapped persons as adequately as the ...

  3. Individuals with Disabilities Education Act - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Individuals_with...

    The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is a piece of American legislation that ensures students with a disability are provided with a Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) that is tailored to their individual needs. IDEA was previously known as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EHA) from 1975 to

  4. Education for All Handicapped Children Act - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_for_All...

    The Education for All Handicapped Children Act (sometimes referred to using the acronyms EAHCA or EHA, or Public Law (PL) 94-142) was enacted by the United States Congress in 1975. This act required all public schools accepting federal funds to provide equal access to education and one free meal a day for children with physical and mental ...

  5. Least restrictive environment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Least_restrictive_environment

    Because the law does not clearly state to what degree the least restrictive environment is, courts have had to interpret the LRE principle. In a landmark case interpreting IDEA's predecessor statute (EHA), Daniel R.R. v. State Board of Education (1989), it was determined that students with disabilities have a right to be included in both academic and extracurricular programs of general education.

  6. Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Citizens v ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvania_Association...

    Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Citizens (PARC) v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 334 F. Supp. 1257 (E.D. Pa. 1971), was a case where the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania was sued by the Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Citizens (PARC), now The Arc of Pennsylvania, over a law that gave public schools the authority to deny a free education to children who had reached the age of 8, yet had ...

  7. Special education in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_education_in_the...

    Special education in the United States enables students with exceptional learning needs to access resources through special education programs. "The idea of excluding students with any disability from public school education can be traced back to 1893, when the Massachusetts Supreme Court expelled a student merely due to poor academic ability". [1]

  8. Individualized Education Program - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Individualized_Education...

    The IEP team is required to consider the student's communication needs. For example, if a student is blind or visually impaired, the IEP is mandated to provide instruction in braille unless an evaluation of the student's reading and writing skills, needs, and future needs indicate that this instruction is not appropriate for the student. If a ...

  9. Office of Special Education Programs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_of_Special...

    Create and disseminate federal policy information regarding early intervention, preschool, elementary and secondary school for students with disabilities; Provide state-administered program grants and competitive grants for discretionary programs; Fund research and support innovative practice in the education of children with disabilities;