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The Gmelin rare earths handbook lists 1522 °C and 1550 °C as two melting points given in the literature, the most recent reference [Handbook on the chemistry and physics of rare earths, vol.12 (1989)] is given with 1529 °C.
Cellulose occurs naturally in some foods and is an additive in manufactured foods, contributing an indigestible component used for texture and bulk, potentially aiding in defecation. [71] Building material: Hydroxyl bonding of cellulose in water produces a sprayable, moldable material as an alternative to the use of plastics and resins.
The high molecular weight makes it a very tough material, but results in less efficient packing of the chains into the crystal structure as evidenced by densities of less than high-density polyethylene (for example, 0.930–0.935 g/cm 3). UHMWPE can be made through any catalyst technology, although Ziegler catalysts are most common.
When UHMWPE is annealed, the material is heated to between 135 and 138 °C (275 and 280 °F) in an oven or a liquid bath of silicone oil or glycerine. The material is then cooled down to 65 °C (149 °F) at a rate of 5 °C/h (9 °F/h) or less. Finally, the material is wrapped in an insulating blanket for 24 hours to bring to room temperature.
Before processed foods, people consumed large amounts of uncooked and unprocessed starch-containing plants, which contained high amounts of resistant starch. Microbes within the large intestine ferment or consume the starch, producing short-chain fatty acids, which are used as energy, and support the maintenance and growth of the microbes. Upon ...
The higher the quantity of other components, the lower the melting point and the broader will be the melting point range, often referred to as the "pasty range". The temperature at which melting begins for a mixture is known as the solidus while the temperature where melting is complete is called the liquidus .
Niobium pentafluoride (NbF 5) is a white solid with a melting point of 79.0 °C and niobium pentachloride (NbCl 5) is yellow (see image at right) with a melting point of 203.4 °C. Both are hydrolyzed to give oxides and oxyhalides, such as NbOCl 3 .
The high melting point of silica enables it to be used in such applications such as iron casting; modern sand casting sometimes uses other minerals for other reasons. Crystalline silica is used in hydraulic fracturing of formations which contain tight oil and shale gas .