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Dataframe may refer to: A tabular data structure common to many data processing libraries: pandas (software) § DataFrames; The Dataframe API in Apache Spark;
In descriptive statistics, the range of a set of data is size of the narrowest interval which contains all the data. It is calculated as the difference between the largest and smallest values (also known as the sample maximum and minimum ). [ 1 ]
Exponential smoothing or exponential moving average (EMA) is a rule of thumb technique for smoothing time series data using the exponential window function.Whereas in the simple moving average the past observations are weighted equally, exponential functions are used to assign exponentially decreasing weights over time.
A value in the range 0 – 0.5 indicates a time series with long-term switching between high and low values in adjacent pairs, meaning that a single high value will probably be followed by a low value and that the value after that will tend to be high, with this tendency to switch between high and low values lasting a long time into the future ...
Also known as min-max scaling or min-max normalization, rescaling is the simplest method and consists in rescaling the range of features to scale the range in [0, 1] or [−1, 1]. Selecting the target range depends on the nature of the data. The general formula for a min-max of [0, 1] is given as: [3]
Common aggregate functions include: Average (i.e., arithmetic mean) Count; Maximum; Median; Minimum; Mode; Range; Sum; Others include: Nanmean (mean ignoring NaN values, also known as "nil" or "null") Stddev; Formally, an aggregate function takes as input a set, a multiset (bag), or a list from some input domain I and outputs an element of an ...
Interpolated approximations and bounds are all of the form ~ () + (~ ()) where ~ is an interpolating function running monotonially from 0 at low α to 1 at high α, approximating an ideal, or exact, interpolator (): = () () For the simplest interpolating function considered, a first-order rational function ~ = + the tightest lower bound has ...
Sometimes "range" refers to the image and sometimes to the codomain. In mathematics, the range of a function may refer to either of two closely related concepts: the codomain of the function, or; the image of the function. In some cases the codomain and the image of a function are the same set; such a function is called surjective or onto.