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In physiology, a stimulus [1] is a change in a living thing's internal or external environment. This change can be detected by an organism or organ using sensitivity, and leads to a physiological reaction. [ 2 ]
A stimulus is something that causes a physiological response. It may refer to: Stimulation. Stimulus (physiology), something external that influences an activity; Stimulus (psychology), a concept in behaviorism and perception; Stimulus (economics) For government spending as stimulus, see Fiscal policy
The collective firing pattern of the sensory neurons will inform the nervous system about the stimulus properties. Range fractionation is a term used in biology to describe the way by which a group of sensory neurons are able to encode varying magnitudes of a stimulus.
Stimulation, in general, refers to how organisms perceive incoming stimuli. As such it is part of the stimulus-response mechanism. Simple organisms broadly react in three ways to stimulation: too little stimulation causes them to stagnate, too much to die from stress or inability to adapt, and a medium amount causes them to adapt and grow as they overcome it.
The stimulus–response model emphasizes the relation between stimulus and behavior rather than an animal's internal processes (i.e., in the nervous system). [2] In experimental psychology, a stimulus is the event or object to which a response is measured. Thus, not everything that is presented to participants qualifies as stimulus.
The stimulus is automatically decreased in steps of a set percentage until the response falls below the target (generation of an action potential). Thereafter, the stimulus is stepped up or down depending on whether the previous response was lesser or greater than the target response until a resting (or control) threshold has been established.
Chronaxie (c) is the Lapicque descriptor of the stimulus pulse duration for a current of twice rheobasic (b) strength, which is the threshold current for an infinitely long-duration stimulus pulse. Lapicque showed that these two quantities (c,b) define the strength-duration curve for current: I = b(1+c/d), where d is the pulse duration.
The morphological attributes of the CAP (amplitude, spread, latency) depend on various factors including electrode placement, stimulus intensity, number of fibers recruited, the synchronization of action potentials, and conduction properties of the neural or muscular fibers. [2] [3] In most occurrences, the CAP refers to: