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PATH is an environment variable on Unix-like operating systems, DOS, OS/2, and Microsoft Windows, specifying a set of directories where executable programs are located. In general, each executing process or user session has its own PATH setting.
By contrast, Unix uses the hyphen-minus character ("-") as a command-line switch prefix. When directory support was added to MS-DOS in version 2.0, "/" was kept as the switch prefix character for backward compatibility. Microsoft chose the backslash character ("\") as a directory separator, which looks similar to the slash character, though ...
In most Unix and Unix-like command-line shells, an environment variable's value is retrieved by placing a $ sign before the variable's name. If necessary, the name can also be surrounded by braces. To display the user home directory, the user may type:
C Shell running on Windows Services for UNIX. The C shell (csh or the improved version, tcsh) is a Unix shell created by Bill Joy while he was a graduate student at University of California, Berkeley in the late 1970s.
The dot command is not to be confused with a dot file, which is a dot-prefixed hidden file or hidden directory. Nor is it to be confused with the ./scriptfile notation for running commands, which is simply a relative path pointing to the current directory (notated in Unix as a '.' character, and typically outside of the Path variable).
Multics had a pwd command (which was a short name of the print_wdir command) [11] from which the Unix pwd command originated. [12] The command is a shell builtin in most Unix shells such as Bourne shell, ash, bash, ksh, and zsh. It can be implemented easily with the POSIX C functions getcwd() or getwd().
If pushd is not provided with a path argument, in Unix it instead swaps the top two directories on the stack, which can be used to toggle between two directories. The popd command removes (or 'pops', in the stack analogy) the current path entry from the stack and returns to the path at the top of the stack as the new working directory. [4] [5]
A Unix shell is a command-line interpreter or shell that provides a command line user interface for Unix-like operating systems. The shell is both an interactive command language and a scripting language , and is used by the operating system to control the execution of the system using shell scripts .