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Intrinsic factor (IF), cobalamin binding intrinsic factor, [5] also known as gastric intrinsic factor (GIF), is a glycoprotein produced by the parietal cells (in humans) or chief cells (in rodents) of the stomach. It is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B 12 later on in the distal ileum of the small intestine. [6]
Parietal cells (also known as oxyntic cells) are epithelial cells in the stomach that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor. These cells are located in the gastric glands found in the lining of the fundus and body regions of the stomach. [ 1 ]
Antibodies to intrinsic factor and parietal cells cause the destruction of the oxyntic gastric mucosa, in which the parietal cells are located, leading to the subsequent loss of intrinsic factor synthesis. Without intrinsic factor, the ileum can no longer absorb the B 12. [40] Atrophic gastritis is often a precursor to gastric cancer. [39]
The same cells in the stomach that produce gastric hydrochloric acid, the parietal cells, also produce a molecule called the intrinsic factor (IF), which binds the B 12 after its release from haptocorrin by digestion, and without which only 1% of vitamin B 12 is absorbed. Intrinsic factor (IF) is a glycoprotein, with a molecular weight of 45 kDa.
Lack of intrinsic factor: intrinsic factor is a protein produced by parietal cells in the stomach, and needed in the ileum for the absorption of vitamin B 12. Lack of intrinsic factor is most commonly due to an autoimmune attack on the cells that create it in the stomach, and this condition takes the name "pernicious anemia".
Autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis (AMAG) is an inherited form of atrophic gastritis characterized by an immune response directed toward parietal cells and intrinsic factor. [6] Achlorhydria induces G cell (gastrin-producing) hyperplasia, which leads to hypergastrinemia.
Another important secretion of the parietal cells is intrinsic factor. Intrinsic factor is a glycoprotein essential for the absorption of vitamin B12. [1] The parietal cells also produce and release bicarbonate ions in response to histamine release from the nearby ECLs, and so serve a crucial role in the pH buffering system. [11]
Intrinsic factor, a glycoprotein produced by the parietal cells of the stomach, which is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B 12 Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Castle factors .