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The development of cortical blindness into the milder cortical visual impairment is a more likely outcome. [2] Furthermore, some patients regain vision completely, as is the case with transient cortical blindness associated with eclampsia and the side effects of certain anti-epilepsy drugs.
Childhood blindness is most prevalent among children with genetic ancestry from Africa and Asia, who represent 75% of the world's affected population. [13] [32] A 2014 review indicated that an estimated 238,500 children with bilateral blindness (rate 1.2/1,000) live in the Eastern Mediterranean region. [30]
Congenital blindness is a hereditary disease and can be treated by gene therapy. Visual loss in children or infants can occur either at the prenatal stage (during the time of conception or intrauterine period) or postnatal stage (immediately after birth). [3] There are multiple possible causes of congenital blindness.
CVI is also sometimes known as cortical blindness, although most people with CVI are not totally blind. The term neurological visual impairment (NVI) covers both CVI and total cortical blindness. Delayed visual maturation, another form of NVI, is similar to CVI, except the child's visual difficulties resolve in a few months.
While cortical blindness results from lesions to primary visual cortex, visual agnosia is often due to damage to more anterior cortex such as the posterior occipital and/or temporal lobe(s) in the brain. [2] There are two types of visual agnosia, apperceptive and associative. Recognition of visual objects occurs at two levels. At an ...
Congenital cataracts are considered to be a significant cause of childhood blindness. This condition is considered 'treatable' with early intervention and compared to other types of childhood visual loss problems, however, in parts of the world where treatment options are not available such as some low-income countries, the condition may go ...
Cortical blindness refers to any partial or complete visual deficit that is caused by damage to the visual cortex in the occipital lobe. Unilateral lesions can lead to homonymous hemianopias and scotomas. Bilateral lesions can cause complete cortical blindness and can sometimes be accompanied by a condition called Anton-Babinski syndrome. [26]
Childhood cataracts are the primary cause of childhood blindness. [4] Childhood cataracts make up 7.4% to 15.3% of blindness in kids. [4] The prevalence of childhood cataracts ranges from 0.63/10,000 to 9.74/10,000 children, with a median of 1.71. [6] This is dependent on factors like economic status but not gender or laterality. [6]